COPD: Lesser-Known Symptoms and Complications

If your residents have been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonay disease, or COPD, you're likely familiar with its common symptoms, including shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. However, according a HealthGrades article, there are other, less-known complications that the disease can cause.

Depression 
A shortness of breath can limit resident activities, leaving them feeling depressed. This can be eased through medication or talk therapy.

Osteoporosis
Taking steroids to fight COPD can increase residents' risk of developing osteoporosis. Residents taking steroids should have bone density scans and might need prescription medication along with calcium and vitamin D supplements to strengthen bones. Some exercise, such as strength training, can also be beneficial.

Pneumonia
Taking steroids for COPD can also lead to an increased risk of pneumonia. Residents should consult with the physician about receiving the pneumonia vaccine; if they have already received it, the physician might still order a second dose.

Right-Sided Heart Failure
COPD can lead to right-sided heart failure, a condition in which the right side of the heart becomes enlarged and can't pump properly. This is caused by continuous high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs and can be controlled through medication, supplemental oxygen or a low-salt diet.

Shingles
People who have COPD, especially those who take steroids, are at a higher risk for shingles. The shingles vaccine can help prevent the disease or lessen its effects.

Trouble Sleeping 
Bronchodilator medication, stimulants commonly used to help treat COPD, can make it tough to sleep. Coughing and low oxygen levels can also be to blame. To help residents get a more restful night's sleep, encourage them to try going to bed and waking up at the same time every day, avoid caffeine before bed, avoid watching TV in bed and keeping the room cool, dark and comfortable.

Unhealthy Weight 
Being overweight or underweight can make COPD symptoms worse. If this is the case for your residents, a physician or registered dietitian can help create a healthy eating plan that meets their goals.

Urinary Symptoms 
Older men who use inhaled anticholinergic drugs to control COPD have a 48 percent higher risk for acute urinary retention. A physician should be contacted immediately if this occurs.

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